Antinociceptive local activity of 4-allyl-1-hydroxy-2-methoxybenzene (Eugenol) by the formalin test: An anti-inflammatory effect

Eugenol has been employed for decades as a condiment, an antimycotic, an antibacterial, an antiviral, and an antioxidant, and it is one of the natural analgesics most frequently utilized for pain and inflammation. Our objective was to determine the analgesic/anti-inflammatory effect of eugenol compared with diclofenac, naproxen, and tramadol using the formalin test. The formalin method was used in 6- to 10-week-old Wistar rats (weighing 250 g each) divided into six groups: Saline (0.9%25); formalin (5%25); diclofenac (250 μg/kg); naproxen (400 μg/kg); tramadol (500 μg/kg), and eugenol (1,400 μg/kg), in the intraplantar part of the hind-end trunk of the rats, with n = 5 per group. Eugenol diminished 44.4%25 of nociceptive behavior in phase 1 and 48%25 in phase 2 (p ≤0.05 vs formalin). Eugenol was shown to be 1.14 times more effective than diclofenac, but 1.62 and 1.75 times less effective than naproxen and tramadol, respectively, in phase 1 and 1.45 times less effective than diclofenac and naproxen and 1.66 less effective than tramadol in phase 2 (p ≤0.05). These data suggest that eugenol possesses moderate activity in the acute pain phase and greater activity in inflammatory-type pain, and both effects are comparable to those produced by diclofenac and are less than the effects produced by naproxen and tramadol in the formalin test. © 2019, Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas (Biblioteca). All rights reserved.

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