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Handoff decision; Heterogeneous wireless networks; Markov decision processes (MDPs); Network selection; Vertical handoff Algorithms; Iterative methods; Local area networks; Markov processes; Optimization; Radio transmission; Telecommunication links; Handoff decision; Heterogeneous wireless networks; Network selection; Vertical handoff decision algorithm; Wireless networks
An MDP-based vertical handoff decision algorithm for heterogeneous wireless networks
The architecture for the Beyond 3rd Generation (B3G) or 4th Generation (4G) wireless networks aims at integrating various heterogeneous wireless access networks. One of the major design issues is the support of vertical handoff. Vertical handoff occurs when a mobile terminal switches from one network to another (e.g., from wireless local area network to code-division multiple-access 1x radio transmission technology). The objective of this paper is to determine the conditions under which vertical handoff should be performed. The problem is formulated as a Markov decision process with the objective of maximizing the total expected reward per connection. The network resources that are utilized by the connection are captured by a link reward function. A signaling cost is used to model the signaling and processing load incurred on the network when vertical handoff is performed. The value iteration algorithm is used to compute a stationary deterministic policy. For performance evaluation, voice and data applications are considered. The numerical results show that our proposed scheme performs better than other vertical handoff decision algorithms, namely, simple additive weighting, the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution, and Grey relational analysis. © 2008 IEEE.
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Article
IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology
Information Content Entity
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, NSERC