Oral colonisation and infection by Candida sp. in diabetic and non-diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease on dialysis [Colonización e infección bucal por Candida sp. en pacientes diabéticos y no diabéticos con enfermedad renal crónica en diálisis] Article uri icon

abstract

  • Introduction: Oral candidiasis (OC) is a common opportunistic infection in immunocompromised patients. Species identification is sometimes important for treatment. Objective: to determine the prevalence of different Candida species colonising or infecting the oral mucosa (OM) of diabetic (DM) and nondiabetic (non-DM) chronic kidney disease patients, comparing both groups and exploring potential risk factors. Methods: 56 DM and 80 non-DM patients on chronic dialysis were examined. OM swabs were cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar plates. Candida species were identified with API® galleries. OC was confirmed by exfoliative cytology. Statistical associations were analysed using χ2, Fisher%27s exact test (ET), and multiple logistic regression. Results: Candida prevalence was 43.4%25: 53.6%25 DM and 36.3%25 non-DM, (P=.045). The species identified were C. albicans 74.6%25, C. glabrata 22.0%25, C. tropicalis 15.2%25, C. parapsilosis 3.4 %25, C. kefyr 3.4%25 and C. famata 1.7%25 without difference between groups. DM patients had a higher xerostomia prevalence (P=.002) and lower salivary flow (P=.008) and lower serum albumin (P=.018). 16.9%25 of patients had OC, 23.2%25 DM compared with 12.5%25 non-DM, (P=.101). The following were associated with the presence of Candida in the OM: the use of dental prostheses (odds ratio [OR] 25.6, 95%25 confidence interval [CI] 2.5 to 253, P=.001), xerostomia (OR 9.6, 95%25 CI 2.4 to 38.1, P=.001) and low serum albumin values (OR 0.41, 95%25 CI 0.22 to 0.98, P=.044). Conclusions: The presence of Candida sp. in the OM was associated with dental prostheses, xerostomia and low serum albumin. © 2013 Revista Nefrología.
  • Introduction: Oral candidiasis (OC) is a common opportunistic infection in immunocompromised patients. Species identification is sometimes important for treatment. Objective: to determine the prevalence of different Candida species colonising or infecting the oral mucosa (OM) of diabetic (DM) and nondiabetic (non-DM) chronic kidney disease patients, comparing both groups and exploring potential risk factors. Methods: 56 DM and 80 non-DM patients on chronic dialysis were examined. OM swabs were cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar plates. Candida species were identified with API® galleries. OC was confirmed by exfoliative cytology. Statistical associations were analysed using χ2, Fisher's exact test (ET), and multiple logistic regression. Results: Candida prevalence was 43.4%25: 53.6%25 DM and 36.3%25 non-DM, (P=.045). The species identified were C. albicans 74.6%25, C. glabrata 22.0%25, C. tropicalis 15.2%25, C. parapsilosis 3.4 %25, C. kefyr 3.4%25 and C. famata 1.7%25 without difference between groups. DM patients had a higher xerostomia prevalence (P=.002) and lower salivary flow (P=.008) and lower serum albumin (P=.018). 16.9%25 of patients had OC, 23.2%25 DM compared with 12.5%25 non-DM, (P=.101). The following were associated with the presence of Candida in the OM: the use of dental prostheses (odds ratio [OR] 25.6, 95%25 confidence interval [CI] 2.5 to 253, P=.001), xerostomia (OR 9.6, 95%25 CI 2.4 to 38.1, P=.001) and low serum albumin values (OR 0.41, 95%25 CI 0.22 to 0.98, P=.044). Conclusions: The presence of Candida sp. in the OM was associated with dental prostheses, xerostomia and low serum albumin. © 2013 Revista Nefrología.

publication date

  • 2013-01-01