End-of-life management of single-use baby diapers: Analysis of technical, health and environment aspects
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Single-use baby diapers belongs to an important group of products used in the parenting journey because of their high performance and convenience. Single-use baby diapers are normally thrown away after one-time use, resulting in a waste management problem. The goal of this paper was to better understand main environmental concerns of different types of diapers and address how to reduce them, with a special consideration of waste management strategies and user behaviour practices. Furthermore, health and environmental hazards potentially associated with materials included in diapers, or substances formed from diapers during the waste treatment stage, are also analysed (e.g., phthalates, pesticides, dioxins, pesticides). Three main types of baby diapers have been analysed: single-use baby diapers, reusable baby diapers, and biodegradable single-use diapers. Each type of diaper comes with technical characteristics and environmental concerns and challenges, which are discussed in this paper to support the development of measures for the safe(r) and sustainable design, use and end of life management of baby diapers. © 2022 The Authors
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Chemical safety; Ecodesign; Environmental impacts; Reusable baby diapers; Single-use baby diapers; Waste management Behavioral research; Chemical analysis; Decision making; Ecodesign; Environmental impact; Environmental management; Health hazards; Sustainable development; Waste treatment; Chemical safety; End of life managements; End-of-life managements; Environmental concerns; Health and environment; Performance; Reusable baby diaper; Single use; Single-use baby diaper; Time use; Pesticides; absorbent; carbon dioxide; cellulose; detergent; dioxin; fertilizer; furan; hydracrylic acid; pesticide; phthalic acid; plastic; polyacrylic acid; pesticide; design; environmental impact assessment; hygiene; performance assessment; solid waste; strategic approach; waste disposal; waste management; anaerobic digestion; behavior; biodegradation; child parent relation; cleaning; composting; degradation; environmental impact; fermentation; greenhouse effect; human; incineration; landfill; manufacturing; pollution; recycling; renewable resource; Review; terminal care; waste management; infant; infant diaper; Diapers, Infant; Humans; Infant; Pesticides
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