Graphene; Graphene oxide; Magnetic nanoparticles; Metal nanoparticles; Semiconductor nanoparticles Graphene oxide; Metal nanoparticles; Metallic compounds; Metals; Nanomagnetics; Chemical recognition; Direct growth; Functionalized graphene; Magnetic nano-particles; Metal and metal oxide nanoparticles; Metal oxides; Nanoparticle (NPs); Semiconductor nanoparticles; Graphene