abstract

• Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is an important diarrhea-causing pathogen for humans. Heat-stable enterotoxin (ST) plays a crucial role in triggering diarrhea and ETEC pathogenesis. However, ST is a small peptide that lacks immunogenic activity itself but becomes immunogenic when it is coupled to a carrier molecule. In this study, the β-glucans (BG) from yeasts have been used to test their immunomodulatory activity and adjuvant effect on the properties of ST. This study aimed to synthesize and characterize a conjugate of yeast-derived β-glucan with the ST enterotoxin (BG-ST) and evaluate the antigenic and antioxidant activities in mouse splenocytes. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy analysis showed new bands and changes in morphology, respectively, confirming ST was successfully coupled to beta glucan. Additionally, according to the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), conjugation efficiency was almost 90%25. Cellular viability, phagocytic cell proportion, and respiratory burst enhanced splenocytes stimulated by BG-ST. In addition, nitric oxide production and antioxidant enzymes increased in cells stimulated with BG-ST, BG and ST. In conclusion, the results revealed the successful conjugation of β-glucan with ST peptide enhancing immune and antioxidant parameters to a greater extent than their individual components. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.

authors

• Angulo C.
• Monreal-Escalante E.
• Murillo-Álvarez J.I.
• Rosales Mendoza Sergio
• Sanchez V.

publication date

• 2021-01-01

funding provided via

• Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Paraguay, El CONACYT: 641722  Grant
• Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, CONACYT: FAI/UASLP/2015, INFR-2014-01-225843, INFR-2014-434 01/225924, PDCPN2014-01/248033  Grant
• Universidad Nacional de San Luis, UNSL  Grant

published in

• Materials Science and Engineering C  Journal

keywords

• Chemical characterization; Enteric illnesses; Functional carbohydrates; Immune response; Peptide bond Antioxidants; Enzymes; Escherichia coli; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Nitric oxide; Peptides; Polysaccharides; Yeast; Anti-oxidant activities; Cellular viability; Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli; Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; Heat-stable enterotoxin; Immunomodulatory activities; Individual components; Scanning electrons; Scanning electron microscopy

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

• 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111464

PubMed ID

• 33255046

start page

end page

volume

• 118