Electrochemical monitoring of Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans biofilm formation on graphite surface with elemental sulfur
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Inorganic wastewaters and sediments from the mining industry and mineral bioleaching processes have not been fully explored in bioelectrochemical systems (BES). Knowledge of interfacial changes due to biofilm evolution under acidic conditions may improve applications in electrochemical processes, specifically those related to sulfur compounds. Biofilm evolution of Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans on a graphite plate was monitored by electrochemical techniques, using the graphite plate as biofilm support and elemental sulfur as the only energy source. Even though the elemental sulfur was in suspension, S 0 particles adhered to the graphite surface favoring biofilm development. The biofilms grown at different incubation times (without electric perturbation) were characterized in a classical three electrode electrochemical cell (sulfur and bacteria free culture medium) by non-invasive electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry. The biofilm structure was confirmed by Environmental Scanning Electrode Microscopy, while the relative fractions of exopolysaccharides and extracellular hydrophobic compounds at different incubation times were evaluated by Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy. The experimental conditions chosen in this work allowed the EIS monitoring of the biofilm growth as well as the modification of Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS) composition (hydrophobic/ exopolysaccharides EPS ratio). This strategy could be useful to control biofilms for BES operation under acidic conditions. © 2019
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Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans; Biofilm; Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS); Elemental sulfur; Graphite Biofilms; Cyclic voltammetry; Electrochemical electrodes; Graphite; Hydrophobicity; Metabolites; Mineral industry; Plates (structural components); Polysaccharides; Spectroscopy; Sulfur compounds; Suspensions (fluids); Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans; Bioelectrochemical systems (BES); Confocal laser scanning microscopy; Electrochemical monitoring; Electrochemical process; Electrochemical techniques; Elemental sulfur; Extracellular polymeric substances; Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy; exopolysaccharide; graphite; sulfur; graphite; sulfur; Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans; Article; biofilm; confocal laser scanning microscopy; cyclic potentiometry; electrochemical analysis; energy resource; impedance spectroscopy; nonhuman; scanning electron microscopy; surface property; Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans; biofilm; chemical phenomena; chemistry; electrochemical analysis; growth, development and aging; metabolism; procedures; Raman spectrometry; surface property; Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans; Biofilms; Electrochemical Techniques; Graphite; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Spectrum Analysis, Raman; Sulfur; Surface Properties
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