The essential oil of Allium sativum as an alternative agent against Candida isolated from dental prostheses [Aceite esencial de Allium sativum como tratamiento alternativo contra aislamientos de Candida procedentes de prótesis dentales]
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Background The colonization of the surfaces of dental prostheses by Candida albicans is associated with the development of denture stomatitis. In this context, the use of fluconazole has been proposed, but its disadvantage is microbial resistance. Meanwhile, the oil of Allium sativum has shown an effect in controlling biofilm formation by C. albicans. Aims The objective of this study was to determine the antifungal activities of the essential oil of A. sativum and fluconazole against clinical isolates of Candida species obtained from rigid, acrylic-based partial or total dentures and to compare these agents’ effects on both biofilm and planktonic cells. Methods A total of 48 clinical isolates obtained from the acrylic surface of partial or complete dentures were examined, and the following species were identified: C. albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis, and Candida krusei. For each isolate, the antifungal activities of the essential oil of A. sativum and fluconazole against both biofilm and planktonic cells were evaluated using the Clinical %26 Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M27-A3 method. The isolates were also evaluated by semiquantitative XTT reduction. Results All planktonic Candida isolates were susceptible to the essential oil of A. sativum, whereas 4.2%25 were resistant to fluconazole. Regarding susceptibilities in biofilms, 43.8%25 of biofilms were resistant to A. sativum oil, and 91.7%25 were resistant to fluconazole. Conclusions All planktonic cells of the different Candida species tested are susceptible to <1 mg/ml A. sativum oil, and the majority are susceptible to fluconazole. Susceptibility decreases in biofilm cells, with increased resistance to fluconazole compared with A. sativum oil. The essential oil of A. sativum is thus active against clinical isolates of Candida species obtained from dentures, with effects on both biofilm and planktonic cells in vitro. © 2017 Asociación Española de Micología
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Candida albicans; Candida glabrata; Dental prosthesis; Essential oil of Allium sativum; Garlic; Oral clinical isolates fluconazole; garlic extract; adult; antifungal activity; antifungal resistance; antifungal susceptibility; Article; biofilm; Candida albicans; Candida glabrata; Candida tropicalis; cell density; cell viability; controlled study; cross-sectional study; drug identification; female; garlic; human; in vitro study; major clinical study; male; MIC50; nonhuman; Pichia kudriavzevii; tooth prosthesis
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