Application of Focused Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction for the Quantification of Persistent Organic Pollutions in Liver Tissue of Giant Toad (Rhinella marina)

A simple and rapid focused ultrasound extraction method was developed for the determination of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in liver tissue obtained of giant toad (Rhinella marina) using a gas chromatography coupled to a mass detector with electron impact ionization. The performed method for POPs, was validated in fortified matrix, showing linearity from the LOQ up to 100 ng/mL; LODs and LOQs for each compound were between 1.7 and 4.8 and 3.5–7.5 ng/mL, respectively. Recovery rates were among 79%25–116%25 for POPs determined. Finally, the method was applied in liver samples of giant toads found in a malarial area in Mexico. The sensitivity of the proposed method was good enough to ensure reliable determination of target analytes at concentration levels commonly found in this kind of samples. © 2016, Springer Science%2bBusiness Media New York.

Biomonitor; Focused ultrasound extraction; Mexico; Persistent Organic Pollutants Extraction; Gas chromatography; Impact ionization; Ionization; Ionization of gases; Pollution; Tissue; Ultrasonics; Biomonitors; Concentration levels; Electron impact-ionization; Focused ultrasound; Me-xico; Persistent organic pollutant (POP); Persistent organic pollutants; Persistent organic pollutions; Organic pollutants; pollutant; animal; Bufo marinus; limit of detection; liver; mass fragmentography; metabolism; Mexico; pollutant; pollution; Animals; Bufo marinus; Environmental Pollutants; Environmental Pollution; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Limit of Detection; Liver; Mexico

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