Calcitriol prevents inflammatory gene expression in macrovascular endothelial cells
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Background: Calcitriol (vitamin D) supplementation has been proposed for therapeutical use in vascular diseases due to its immunomodulatory activity, preventing inflammation and promoting angiogenesis. In the present study, we hypothesised whether calcitriol downregulates pro-inflammatory gene expression without affecting angiogenesis and anti-inflammatory gene expression in LPS-induced endothelial cells. Method: In order to evaluate the effect of calcitriol in suppressing inflammatory gene expression in the endothelium, endothelial cells were exposed to the physiological concentration of calcitriol followed by stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Gene expression of interleukin (IL)-1β, Transforming Growth Factor (TGF)-β, Human β–defensin (HBD)-2, angiogenin (ANG) and cathelicidin (LL-37) were quantified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: The results from six independent experiments conducted in duplicate, showed that calcitriol decreased IL-1β (p < 0.01) and HBD-2 expression (p < 0.01) when compared to non-treated cells. However, calcitriol treatment had no effect on TGF-β, ANG and LL-37 gene expression. Conclusion: Calcitriol prevents inflammatory gene expression, but does not affect expression of angiogenic genes in endothelial cells, which suggest the potential use of calcitriol to prevent endothelial activation through the downregulation of IL-1β and HBD-2. © 2016 British Journal of Biomedical Science.
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Calcitriol; defensins; endothelial activation; inflammation; septic shock; vitamin D angiogenin; beta defensin 2; calcitriol; cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide LL 37; interleukin 1beta; lipopolysaccharide; transforming growth factor beta; antiinflammatory agent; autacoid; calcitriol; cytokine; angiogenesis; Article; concentration (parameters); controlled study; down regulation; drug effect; endothelium cell; gene expression; gene expression regulation; in vitro study; inflammation; priority journal; quantitative analysis; real time polymerase chain reaction; cell line; cytology; dose response; drug effects; endothelium cell; fetus blood; human; immunology; inflammation; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Calcitriol; Cell Line; Cytokines; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endothelial Cells; Fetal Blood; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Inflammation; Inflammation Mediators
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