Metallic elements in foliar material and fruits of three tree species as bioindicators [Elementos metálicos en material foliar y frutos de tres especies arbóreas como bioindicadores]

This study aimed to determine the presence of metal elements in fruits and leaves of three tree species as bioindicators in San Luis Potosi, Mexico. Ninety fruit and 90 leaf samples (30 per tree species) were collected at five sites (agricultural, suburban, commercial and services, urban, and mining), using the site and the presence of P. laevigata, S. molle, and A. farnesiana as references. Total concentrations of 13 metal elements were determined using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). The species were significantly affected by Co, As, and Pb (ANOVA, p≤0.05). Considering the land use and the species, the contents determined in the leaves and fruits of the three species had sufficient and phyto-toxic contents of Al, Cd, Co, Ni, Mn, Ti, and Cr, and excessive ranges with the possible phyto-toxic effect of As, Cu, Pb, Zn, V, and Fe. The A. farnesiana had the highest concentrations of 12 heavy metals analyzed (HM). The variation in total metal concentrations between leaves and fruits ranged from 84.70 to 99.06%25, with V, As, and Cr being prominent. The function-ality of these tree species as phytoremediators and bioindicators is reviewed to evaluate environmental impacts on land use. © 2022, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. All rights reserved.

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